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目的探讨军队血站血液采集全过程实行质量控制后所取得的成效和存在的问题。方法回顾血液采集全过程实行质量控制所采取的具体措施,统计分析血站实施质量控制前后献血者满意度、献血不良反应发生率、血液报废率及血液报废原因构成比的结果,从而了解所取得的成效。结果实行全程质量控制后献血者对采血工作的满意度由质量控制前的96.03%提高到99.22%;献血不良反应发生率0.41%低于控制前0.77%;血液报废率3.23%低于质量控制前4.91%,但血液报废原因所占比分析,其乳糜血和转氨酶(ALT)导致的血液报废比例较以前偏高。结论血液采集全过程实施质量控制后能有效降低献血者的不良反应发生率及血液报废率,同时也能提高献血者对血站工作人员的满意度,成果显著。但因乳糜血和ALT导致的血液报废比例仍然居高不下,则提示在实施质量控制的同时我们还应加强对无偿献血的宣传力度,广泛普及献血前的相关知识,以减少因献血者饮食、休息等因素导致的血液报废。
Objective To explore the effectiveness and existing problems in the whole process of blood collection in military blood stations after implementing quality control. Methods The specific measures adopted in quality control of blood collection were reviewed. The results of blood donor satisfaction, blood donation adverse reaction rate, blood reject rate and blood scrap ratio were statistically analyzed before and after quality control The effectiveness of Results The satisfaction of blood donors after blood quality control was improved from 96.03% before the quality control to 99.22%; the incidence of adverse reactions of blood donation was 0.41% lower than that before control; the blood reject rate was 3.23% lower than that before quality control 4.91%, but the proportion of blood scrapped the analysis, the chylous blood and aminotransferase (ALT) led to the proportion of blood scrapped higher than before. Conclusion The quality control of the whole process of blood collection can effectively reduce the incidence of adverse reactions and the rate of blood rejection in blood donors. At the same time, it can also improve the satisfaction of blood donors to blood station staff, and the results are remarkable. However, the rate of blood scrapping caused by chylomicrons and ALT remained high, suggesting that while implementing quality control, we should also step up publicity efforts on blood donation without compensation and widely disseminate the knowledge before blood donation so as to reduce the risk of blood donation due to blood donation, Rest and other factors lead to blood scrapped.