目的 :探讨儿童孤独症在母孕期、围产期、婴幼儿期的高危因素及该症的早期表现。方法 :对符合DSM -IV孤独症诊断标准的儿童孤独症 4 9人和年龄、性别匹配的正常儿童 32人进行回顾性研究 ,以了解孤独症的高危因素及其早期表现。结果 :孤独症儿童较正常儿童的高危因素增多 ,孤独症早期表现明显 ,大多数孤独症儿童父母在两岁之前就觉得自己的孩子存在异常之处。结论 :对高危因素在孤独症的致病作用方面进行了讨论。提倡重视儿童孤独症的早期诊断 Objective: To investigate the high risk factors of autism in infancy, perinatal period and infancy in children and the early manifestation of the disease. Methods: Forty-nine children with autism and 32 children with normal age-matched and gender-matched DSM-IV autistic children were retrospectively reviewed to find out the risk factors of autism and their early manifestation. Results: Children with autism had higher risk factors than normal children and had obvious autism. Early childhood autistic children felt that their children were abnormal before they were two years old. Conclusions: The risk factors for autism in the pathogenic role of the discussion. Promote the importance of early diagnosis of autistic children