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目的:选育铁皮石斛优良交配组合。方法:选取4个种源26个优良亲本设计26个交配组合,测量统计各组合F1代农艺性状,用DPS等软件分析数据。结果:不同交配组合F1代家系间农艺性状存在显著差异,全同胞家系间变异显著高于半同胞家系,全同胞家系内变异显著低于半同胞家系;12个农艺性状简化为4个主成分,累计贡献率达84.13%,26个交配组合划分为6个类群,其中第Ⅴ与第Ⅵ类群综合性状表现较好。结论:在铁皮石斛杂交优势利用时,应重视杂交亲本的选择与控制,开展全同胞F1代选择与利用比半同胞能获得更高的遗传增益,家系内一致性更好;在参试的26个家系中,初步筛选出8个苗期农艺性状较好的全同胞家系(83×34,66×9,68×2,91×69,66×65,69×91,17×66,66×17)。
Objective: To select the best mating combination of Dendrobium officinale. Methods: 26 elite parents from 4 provenances were selected to design 26 mating combinations. The agronomic traits of F1 generation were measured and the data were analyzed by software such as DPS. Results: There were significant differences in agronomic traits among F1 lines of different mating combinations. The variation of agronomic traits in all-sib families was significantly higher than that of half-sib families and that in full-sib families was significantly lower than that of half-sib families. The 12 agronomic traits were reduced to 4 main components, The cumulative contribution rate reached 84.13%. The 26 mating combinations were divided into 6 groups, of which the comprehensive characters of the Ⅴ and Ⅵ groups performed better. Conclusion: In the utilization of hybridization advantage of Dendrobium candidum, emphasis should be placed on the selection and control of hybrid parents. The selection and utilization of F1 generation of full-sibs can achieve higher genetic gain than that of semi-sibs, A pedigree, initially screened eight seedling agronomic traits better sibling family (83 × 34,66 × 9,68 × 2,91 × 69,66 × 65,69 × 91,17 × 66,66 × 17).