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目的通过学龄期正常儿童计算答案判断事件相关电位(ERP)N2的双峰波特征比较,探讨7~12岁儿童数学认知发展规律的神经机制。方法 7~12岁正常儿童119名分6组分别计算判断ERP任务实验,进行N2波幅与面积的分析,N2双峰波形态的比较分析。结果 1)N2波幅(μV):各年龄组内错误答案N2波幅均大于正确答案,7岁(16.5±2.4;12.0±2.6),8岁(7.5±2.95;11.3±2.25),9岁(26.7±5.4;20.3±4.96),10岁(23.4±4.74;18.7±3.59),11岁(16.2±2.28;11.8±2.42),12岁(14.8±2.73;10.9±2.86);差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。组间比较9~10岁组两种答案判断N2波幅与其它年龄组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2)N2波面积(μV·ms):各年龄组内错误答案N2波面积均大于正确答案,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);组间比较9~10岁组两种答案判断N2波面积与其它年龄组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。3)N2双峰波的形态变化:随年龄增长,N2后峰错误答案降低,正确答案升高。结论 ERP-N2波波幅、面积随年龄呈倒U形,这与神经突触发育的广度及脑活动度有关,N2波随年龄增长逐渐发育成熟;大脑处理错误冲突信息与正确非冲突信息时的神经机制不同;数学认知发展呈现非线性过程,9岁是关键期。
Objective To compare the characteristics of bimodal wave of event-related potential (ERP) N2 with the calculation of the answer of normal children in school age, and to explore the neural mechanism of mathematical cognitive development in children aged 7 ~ 12 years. Methods A total of 119 children aged 7-12 years old were divided into 6 groups to calculate ERP task to determine the experiment, the N2 amplitude and area analysis, N2 bimodal waveform comparison analysis. Results 1) N2 amplitude (μV): N2 amplitudes of error responses in all age groups were greater than those of the correct answers, at 7 years (16.5 ± 2.4; 12.0 ± 2.6), 8 years (7.5 ± 2.95; 11.3 ± 2.25), 9 years ± 5.4; 20.3 ± 4.96), 10 years old (23.4 ± 4.74; 18.7 ± 3.59), 11 years old (16.2 ± 2.28; 11.8 ± 2.42) and 12 years old (14.8 ± 2.73; 10.9 ± 2.86) respectively. The difference was statistically significant P <0.05). Between two groups of 9 to 10 age groups, the differences of N2 amplitude and other age groups were statistically significant (P <0.05). 2) N2 wave area (μV · ms): N2 wave area of wrong answer in each age group is larger than the correct answer, the difference is statistically significant (P <0.05); Comparison between two groups of 9 to 10 age groups to determine N2 wave The area was significantly different from other age groups (P <0.05). 3) Morphological changes of N2 bimodal wave: With the increase of age, the error of peak after N2 is reduced and the correct answer is raised. Conclusions The amplitude and area of ERP-N2 wave are inverted U-shaped with age, which is related to the breadth of neurosynaptic development and brain activity. The N2 wave gradually matures with the age growth. When the brain processes the error conflict information and the correct non-conflict information Neural mechanism is different; mathematical cognitive development presents a nonlinear process, 9-year-old is the key period.