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[目的]建立微波消解-石墨炉原子吸收光谱测定土壤中铅和镉的分析方法。[方法]土壤样品研磨过100目筛,用硝酸-氢氟酸-过氧化氢混合消解液微波消解后,石墨炉原子吸收光谱测定。[结果]铅浓度为5.0~40.0μg/L、镉浓度为0.20~2.00μg/L时,石墨炉原子吸收光谱测定土壤中铅和镉的方法线性良好,相关系数均为0.9999。铅和镉的方法定量检出限分别为5.0、0.040mg/kg。加标回收率为90.0%~110.0%,相对标准偏差为4.1%~6.9%,标样的测定结果在不确定度范围内。[结论]该方法简便、快速,基体干扰少,结果准确,适用于土壤中铅、镉含量的测定。
[Objective] The research aimed to establish a method for the determination of Pb and Cd in soil by microwave digestion and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. [Method] The soil samples were ground through a 100 - mesh sieve and determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry after microwave digestion with nitric acid - hydrofluoric acid - hydrogen peroxide mixed digestion solution. [Result] The results showed that the determination of lead and cadmium in soil by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry was good with the concentrations of lead ranging from 5.0 to 40.0 μg / L and the concentrations of cadmium ranging from 0.20 to 2.00 μg / L. The correlation coefficients were both 0.9999. The detection limits of lead and cadmium were 5.0 and 0.040 mg / kg, respectively. The spiked recoveries ranged from 90.0% to 110.0% and the relative standard deviations (RSDs) ranged from 4.1% to 6.9%. The results of standard samples were within the range of uncertainty. [Conclusion] The method is simple, rapid, less matrix interference and accurate. It is suitable for the determination of lead and cadmium in soil.