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目的初步了解我国民用航空器座舱高效空气过滤器(HEPA)滤网微生物污染状况。方法采用涂抹法对高效空气过滤器再循环风扇滤网进风口面和出风口面采样。2015年11月及2016年1月,分别收集2架波音客机高效空气过滤器滤网,共采集细菌样本48个,真菌样本75个,通过分子生物技术对样本种属进行鉴定。结果对飞机高效过滤器滤网表面的进风口表面和出风口表面的细菌总数和真菌总数,以及两架不同机龄的飞机再循环风扇滤网表面的细菌总数、真菌总数分别进行了比较,发现差异均存在统计学意义(P<0.05)。同时,进风口表面细菌优势菌种鉴定可能为杆菌属、真菌优势菌种为枝孢属、曲霉菌属、球腔菌属、小光壳属、青霉菌属。结论滤网出风口面较进风口面卫生,推断高效空气过滤器对细菌、真菌的过滤效果良好,下一步飞机消毒方式应重点针对飞机座舱内座椅、配餐间、卫生间等的物表消毒,其次是空气消毒。
Objective To understand the microbial contamination of HEPA filters in civil aircraft in China. Methods The smear method was used to sample the air inlet surface and air outlet surface of the high efficiency air filter recirculation fan filter. In November 2015 and January 2016, two Boeing efficient air filter screens were collected. A total of 48 bacterial samples and 75 fungal samples were collected, and the samples were identified by molecular biological techniques. Results The total number of bacteria and the total number of fungi on the air inlet surface and the air outlet surface of the filter surface of the aircraft high efficiency filter and the total number of bacteria and the total number of fungi on the surface of the filter screen of the aircraft recycling fans of two different aircraft ages were respectively compared and found The differences were statistically significant (P <0.05). In the meantime, the dominant bacterial species on the air inlet surface may be identified as Bacillus, and the dominant fungi are Cladosporium, Aspergillus, Coccidian, Penicillium and Penicillium. Conclusions The air outlet of the filter is more hygienic than the air outlet, so it is concluded that the filtering effect of high efficiency air filter on bacteria and fungus is good. The next step of disinfection should focus on the surface disinfection of the seat, catering room and bathroom in the cockpit, Followed by air disinfection.