目的　了解胰肾联合移植术后糖尿病患者胰岛功能的恢复状况及对糖尿病疗效的影响。　方法　检测手术前后血糖、C肽和胰高血糖素 ,并进行比较 ,术后 180 d时测定胰岛素释放试验和葡萄糖耐量试验。　结果　术前病人的 C肽水平明显低于正常 ,胰高血糖素高于正常 ,尽管使用了较大量的胰岛素 ,血糖仍然较高。术后第 1天开始 C肽分泌明显增加 ,几乎超过正常 ;胰高血糖素分泌较术前几乎减少一半 ,30 d后降到正常 ;术后第 7天血糖降到正常 ,第 2 0天停用胰岛素 ,2 40 d内血糖仍然在正常范围 ;术后 180 d时检测葡萄糖耐量试验和胰岛素释放试验结果均正常。　结论　胰肾联合移植既能改善 1型糖尿病肾病病人的肾功能 ,又能通过提高胰腺β细胞的分泌功能 ,达到治疗糖尿病的目的。胰肾联合移植是治疗 1型糖尿病晚期肾病的最佳方法 Objective To investigate the recovery of pancreatic islet function and its effect on the treatment of diabetes mellitus in diabetic patients after pancreas-kidney transplantation. Methods Blood glucose, C-peptide and glucagon were measured before and after surgery. The levels of insulin release and glucose tolerance were measured 180 days after operation. Results Preoperative C-peptide levels were significantly lower than normal and glucagon was higher than normal, although blood glucose was still high despite the use of larger amounts of insulin. Secretion of C-peptide increased significantly from day 1 postoperatively, almost exceeding normal; glucagon secretion was almost reduced by half compared with that before surgery, and then decreased to normal after 30 days. Blood glucose dropped to normal on the 7th day after operation, With insulin, the blood glucose was still within the normal range in 240 days; the results of glucose tolerance test and insulin release test were normal at 180 days after operation. Conclusion Combined pancreas and kidney transplantation can not only improve the renal function of patients with type 1 diabetic nephropathy, but also improve the secretion function of pancreatic β cells to achieve the purpose of treating diabetes. Combined pancreas-kidney transplantation is the best method for the treatment of advanced type 1 diabetic patients with nephropathy