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截至2005年4月30日,招商银行、浦发银行、民生银行、华夏银行和深发展都公布了2004年度报告。通过对五家上市银行年报的分析,我们发现上市银行快速发展与隐忧并存。2004年上市银行的业绩平稳增长,中间业务发展势头迅猛,但是盈利结构依然较为单一,中间业务比重不高。2004年上市银行的规模扩张势头有所放缓,但是几年来的高速扩张带来的不良贷款绝对额增加、资本充足率下降、流动性负缺口等问题已逐渐显现。随着存贷利差缩小,存贷差和资本充足率逼近警戒线,以及竞争的加剧,上市银行将经历更大的挑战。
As of April 30, 2005, China Merchants Bank, Shanghai Pudong Development Bank, Minsheng Bank, Huaxia Bank and Shenzhen Development Bank have announced the 2004 annual report. Through the analysis of the annual reports of the five listed banks, we find that the rapid development of listed banks coexists with the worries. The performance of listed banks increased steadily in 2004 with the rapid development of intermediary business, but the profitability structure is still relatively simple and the proportion of intermediary business is not high. The expansion of listed banks slowed down in 2004, but the absolute non-performing loans (NPLs) brought by the rapid expansion in recent years have increased, the capital adequacy ratio has dropped, and the negative liquidity gap has gradually emerged. As deposit-credit spreads narrow, loan-to-deposit and capital adequacy ratios approach the cordon, and competition intensifies, listed banks will experience even greater challenges.