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本文叙述一个用作解二维压水堆堆芯燃料管理优化问题的实用方法。优化的总目标是选择一组倒换料方案,使得在满足压水堆安全准则约束下达到最好的经济效益。模拟优化燃料管理通常要耗费大量计算机时间,为此给出一个有效的可行的优化方法——二步优化算法。第一步,根据已有的信息和过去的经验制定一系列倒换料方案,从中优选。第二步,对已选出的方案作进一步的改进,反复优选,直至达到满意结果。讨论了优化燃料管理的物理准则,确定堆芯功率峰值因子W_p为目标函数,规定四个约束条件,目标是在满足所有约束下,使W_p最小。为此用FORTRAN77语言编制了计算机程序2DFEOF。对一个典型压水堆堆芯在IBM-4341计算机上进行了计算,得到预期效果,计算所用机时较省(对1/8堆芯布置,计算3个换料周期约用9分钟CPU时间)。
This article describes a practical method for solving the optimization of two-dimensional PWR core fuel management. The overall goal of optimization is to select a set of refueling options that will achieve the best economic results while meeting the PWR safety criteria. Simulation optimization of fuel management usually takes a lot of computer time, so an effective and feasible optimization method - two-step optimization algorithm is given. The first step, based on existing information and past experience to develop a series of switching material program, which is preferred. The second step is to make further improvements to the selected programs and to optimize them repeatedly until satisfactory results are achieved. The physical principle of optimizing fuel management is discussed. The core power peak factor W_p is determined as the objective function, and four constraints are specified. The goal is to minimize W_p under all constraints. For this purpose, the computer program 2DFEOF has been prepared in the FORTRAN77 language. A typical PWR core was calculated on the IBM-4341 computer and the expected results were calculated, using less time for the calculation (about 1/8 of the core layout and about 9 minutes of CPU time for three refueling cycles) .