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目的分析接受门诊心理治疗的精神障碍患者的预后特征及其有关影响因素。方法使用海斯曼心理CT系统对128名接受门诊心理治疗患者进行测试,评估其预后特征、家庭问题、个性和心理特点等。结果①女性患者的疾病预后不良、康复动力分数高于男性(分别为57.7±12.2 vs 53.0±12.4,P<0.05;58.3±9.4 vs 53.7±8.1,P<0.01),但康复再就业能力分数低于男性(43.4±11.5 vs 47.8±12.0,P<0.05);预后特征与受教育程度显著相关(r=-0.188,-0.294,0.290,0.246;P<0.01);躯体形式障碍的疾病预后不良和心理预后不良分数均高于心境障碍、焦虑障碍和适应障碍(F=5.358,P<0.01;F=7.268,P<0.01),康复再就业能力分数分别低于心境障碍、焦虑障碍和适应障碍(F=4.066,P<0.01);②疑病、抑郁、精神分裂、轻躁狂、精神衰弱、精神病态等症状分数,精神质、掩饰性等个性特点,社会适应不良、自我强度等心理特征,受教育程度和性别对门诊心理治疗患者的预后特征有预测作用(P<0.05)。结论门诊心理治疗者的预后特征存在性别差异,与受教育程度和病种有关,受精神症状性质、个性特点、自我强度和社会适应性的影响,与临床疗效相一致。
Objective To analyze the prognosis and related factors of mental disorders patients receiving psychotherapy. Methods Using Heisman’s psychometric CT system, 128 patients receiving outpatient psychotherapy were tested to assess their prognostic features, family problems, personality and psychological characteristics. Results ① Female patients had a poor prognosis and a higher recovery power score than males (57.7 ± 12.2 vs 53.0 ± 12.4, P <0.05; 58.3 ± 9.4 vs 53.7 ± 8.1, P <0.01) (43.4 ± 11.5 vs 47.8 ± 12.0, P <0.05). The prognosis characteristics were significantly correlated with educational attainment (r = -0.188, -0.294,0.290,0.246; P <0.01). The prognosis of somatoform disorders was poor (P = 0.01; F = 7.268, P <0.01). Rehabilitative ability scores were lower than those of mood disorders, anxiety disorders and adaptation disorders (F = 5.358, P <0.01) F = 4.066, P <0.01). ②Psychological features such as psychosis, personality disorder, social adaptation, self-esteem, The level of education and gender predict the prognosis of outpatient psychotherapy patients (P <0.05). Conclusion There is a gender difference in the prognosis of outpatient psychotherapy, which is related to the level of education and disease, the nature of psychotic symptoms, personality characteristics, self-esteem and social adaptability, and is consistent with the clinical efficacy.