目的分析1950—2013年广西田东县疟疾流行情况,评价疟疾防治措施及防治效果。方法收集全县历年疟疾流行和防控的资料,包括历年疟疾疫情报告、防治方案等,采用Excel软件进行描述性统计分析。结果该县20世纪50、60、70年代人群疟疾年均发病率分别为241.51/万、85.07/万、89.24/万,80年代疟疾发病率为4.39/万,90年代为1.15/万,1998年后没有发现本地疟疾病例;当地流行的疟原虫有3种,其中间日疟占86.61%、恶性疟占12.39%、三日疟占0.83%,混合感染占0.17%;总共疟疾死亡病例17例。结论田东县疟疾流行经历了4个时期,即50年代高度流行时期;60—70年代的感染率快速下降时期;80—90年代的散发状态时期和2000年后无本地病例时期。全面综合防控措施的实施对田东县最终达到消除疟疾目标起到关键性作用。 Objective To analyze the epidemic situation of malaria in Tiandong County, Guangxi from 1950 to 2013, and to evaluate the malaria prevention and control measures and the control effects. Methods The data of malaria epidemic and prevention and control over the county over the years were collected, including reports of malaria epidemics over the years, prevention and treatment programs, etc. Descriptive statistical analysis was conducted by using Excel software. Results The annual incidence of malaria in the population in 1950s, 1960s and 1970s was 241.51 / million, 85.07 / million and 89.24 / million respectively in the 20th century. The incidence of malaria was 4.39 / million in the 1980s and 1.15 / million in the 1990s. No local malaria cases were found. There were 3 endemic Plasmodium species, of which 86.61% were Plasmodium falciparum, 12.39% were Plasmodium falciparum, 0.83% were Malaria malaria and 0.17% were Mixed infection; 17 were malaria deaths in total. Conclusion The prevalence of malaria in Tiandong County has experienced four periods, that is, the highly epidemic period in the 1950s, the rapid decline in the infection rates in the 1960s and the 1970s, the period of the emancipation state in the 1980s and 1990s, and the period of no local cases after 2000. The implementation of comprehensive and comprehensive prevention and control measures played a key role in finally reaching the goal of eliminating malaria in Tiandong County.