目前关于说明分子的几何构型有几种不同的观点,如大家所熟悉的杂化轨道理论,分子轨道计算法,其次还有三中心键模型,相关图处理,以及价壳电子对互斥理论等。应用价壳电子对互斥理论判断分子构型不需要定量的数学分析,方法简单易行,本文将着重阐述这个原理对主族元素所形成的分子形状的判断。一、理论要点价壳电子对互斥理论认为,分子中某中心原子周围键的排例,主要由中心原子价壳 At present, there are several different viewpoints about the geometrical configuration of molecules, such as the well-known hybrid orbital theory, molecular orbital calculation, followed by the three-center bond model, the correlation graph processing, and valence electron shell exclusion theory . The application of the valence electron pair mutual exclusion theory to determine the molecular configuration does not require quantitative mathematical analysis. The method is simple and easy to use. This article will focus on the principle of determining the molecular shape formed by the main group elements. First, the theoretical points valence shell electronic mutual exclusion theory that molecules in a central atom around the key row, mainly by the central atomic valence