通过整群抽样的方法对大连医科大学四、五年级临床专业的学生进行抗生素认知情况的调查。采用不记名 ,自填问卷的方法收集资料 ,进行统计分析。结果显示 ,高年龄医学生通过在校的学习 ,对抗生素的正确合理使用都有比较系统的了解 ,但仍然存在较多问题。建议医学院校应不断改进医学教育的深度和广度 ,提高医学生对合理使用抗生素的正确认识。 Through the method of cluster sampling, the students of clinical specialty in the fourth and fifth grade of Dalian Medical University were investigated for antibiotics cognition. Using anonymous methods, self-enumeration questionnaires collect data for statistical analysis. The results show that high school medical students have a more systematic understanding of the correct and reasonable use of antibiotics through their studies in schools, but there are still many problems. It is suggested that medical schools should continuously improve the depth and breadth of medical education and improve the medical students’ correct understanding of the rational use of antibiotics.