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目的 探讨无肺部病变的婴幼儿肺功能残气量 (FRC)和肺炎婴幼儿FRC的改变。方法 对 36例无肺部病变的婴幼儿 (对照组 )和 2 5例肺炎婴幼儿 (肺炎组 ) ,采用超声流量仪和六氟化硫洗入洗出技术 ,取仰卧位时测量FRC。结果 肺炎婴幼儿FRC为 (9 6± 2 0 )mL/kg ,较对照组婴幼儿FRC(15 7± 3 9)mL/kg显著降低 (P<0 0 1) ;肺炎婴幼儿潮气量 (Vt)为 (6 3± 1 8)mL/kg ,较对照组婴幼儿Vt(8 5± 1 6 )mL/kg显著降低 (P <0 0 5 ) ;肺炎婴幼儿Vt/FRC比值 (0 6 6± 0 15 )与对照组婴幼儿Vt/FRC比值 (0 5 6± 0 12 )差异无显著性 (P >0 0 5 )。对照组婴幼儿FRC与身长、体重和年龄均呈正相关 ,相关系数分别为r =0 84 6、r =0 739和r =0 72 0(均P <0 0 1)。超声流量仪检测FRC的变异系数为 7 4 % (范围 0～ 2 6 % )。结论 肺炎婴幼儿FRC和Vt较无肺部病变婴幼儿均降低。无肺部病变婴幼儿FRC与身长、体重及年龄存在相关。
Objective To investigate the changes of pulmonary function residual capacity (FRC) in infants and young children with pneumonia and FRC without pulmonary disease. Methods Thirty-six infants and young children without lung disease (control group) and 25 infants with pneumonia (pneumonia group) were enrolled in this study. Ultrasonic flow cytometry and sulfur hexafluoride washing were used to wash out FRC. Results The FRC of infants with pneumonia was (96 ± 20) mL / kg, significantly lower than that of the control group (15 7 ± 39 mL / kg) (P <0.01) ) Was (6 3 ± 1 8) mL / kg, significantly lower than that of the control group (85 ± 1 6 mL / kg) (P 0 05). The Vt / There was no significant difference in the Vt / FRC ratio between the control group and the infants (0 56 ± 0 12) (P 0 05). The FRC of infants and young children in the control group were positively correlated with body length, body weight and age. The correlation coefficients were r = 0 846, r = 0 739 and r = 0 72 0 (all P <0.01). The coefficient of variation of FRC measured by ultrasonic flowmeter was 74% (range 0 ~ 26%). Conclusions Infants with pneumonia have lower FRC and Vt than those without pulmonary diseases. FRC in infants and young children with no lung disease is related to length, weight and age.