普通话是指以北京语音为标准音,以北方话为基础方言,以典范的现代白话文著作为语法规范的现代汉民族共同语。它是经过漫长的历史发展过程形成的。在形成过程中,北京话有着特殊的地位。唐代,北京地属幽州,是北方军事要镇;辽代,北京是五京之一;特别是金元以来,北京成了我国政治、经济和文化的中心。由于政治、经济和文化的集中,北京话的影响逐渐显著。一方面,北京话作为官府的通用语言 Putonghua refers to the modern Han national common language, which uses Beijing speech as the standard pronunciation, the Northern dialect as the basic dialect, and the classic modern vernacular writings as the grammatical norms. It was formed after a long history of development. In the formation process, Beijing dialect has a special status. In the Tang Dynasty, the land of Beijing belonged to Youzhou and was a military town in the north. In the Liao Dynasty, Beijing was one of the five capitals. Since the Jinyuan, Beijing has become the center of politics, economy, and culture in China. Due to the concentration of political, economic, and cultural influences, the influence of Beijing dialects has become increasingly significant. On the one hand, Beijing dialect is the common language of the government.