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生理和病理条件下,血流动力学超负荷会引起左心室肥厚。目前尚未完全阐明引起心肌肥厚的主要的刺激因素是心脏自身机械拉伸,还是神经体液因子,抑或是两者的共同作用所致。刺激因素进入细胞后,通过引起细胞内生化改变导致第二信使和第三信使的激活,进一步调节转录,激活多种心肌肥厚相关基因的表达。左心室肥厚时会出现一系列的结构改变,包括心肌细胞肥大、间质结缔组织增生以及冠状循环微血管稀少。本文参考近年来相关文献,总结左心室肥厚的影响因素及机制研究方面的发展动态,旨在为读者阐明左心室肥厚的影响因素及机制的总体情况,提供可参考的研究靶点。
Under physiological and pathological conditions, hemodynamic overload can cause left ventricular hypertrophy. It is not yet fully elucidated whether the main stimulus for cardiac hypertrophy is the mechanical stretch of the heart itself or neurohumoral factors or a combination of the two. After entering the cell, the stimulating factor leads to the activation of the second messenger and the third messenger by causing the intracellular biochemical changes to further regulate the transcription and activate the expression of various cardiac hypertrophy related genes. Left ventricular hypertrophy occurs when a series of structural changes occur, including cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, interstitial connective tissue hyperplasia, and coronary microvascular insufficiency. This article refers to the relevant literature in recent years, summarizes the influencing factors of left ventricular hypertrophy and mechanism of research developments, aims to clarify the impact of left ventricular hypertrophy factors and mechanism of the overall situation, provide a reference for the research target.