免疫治疗为头颈部肿瘤提供了新的方法，主要包括肿瘤疫苗、细胞因子、免疫细胞激活和免疫检查点调节剂等。其中免疫检查点抑制剂已获得显著的生存获益，程序性死亡蛋白-1(PD-1)抑制剂派姆单抗和纳武单抗被批准用于复发或转移性头颈部肿瘤的二线治疗，其他免疫治疗尚处于临床试验阶段，安全性和有效性需待进一步评估。“,”Immunotherapy provides new methods for head and neck cancer, including cancer vaccines, cytokines, immune cell activation and immune checkpoint regulators and so on. Immune checkpoint inhibitors have achieved significant survival benefits, and programmed death receptor-1 (PD-1) inhibitors pembrolizumab and nivolumab have been approved for second-line treatment of recurrent or metastatic head and neck cancer. Other immunotherapies are in clinical trials and need to be further evaluated for safety and efficacy.