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目的:探讨下肢骨折合并深静脉血栓患者腔静脉滤器置入术后并发症的观察及护理方法。方法:选取我院2013年1月~2016年6月实施腔静脉滤器置入并抗凝、溶栓治疗患者80例,针对主要并发症进行观察、护理,包括出血倾向、肺栓塞、滤器移位、脱落、滤器血栓堵塞、滤器刺破下腔静脉以及患肢皮肤水泡的观察和护理。结果:80例溶栓治疗的总有效率为100%,实施合理有效护理措施,未出现重要并发症。有7例患肢皮肤出现大小不等的水泡;6例术区伤口出血;5例患者出现穿刺点渗血;4例患者出现血便;3例患者出现皮下瘀斑,经及时处理后痊愈。结论:下肢骨折合并静脉血栓腔静脉滤器置入术后抗凝、溶栓对潜在并发症的观察及护理至关重要,良好的护理配合能避免并发症的发生。
Objective: To investigate the complications of lower extremity fractures complicated with deep venous thrombosis after vena cava filter implantation and nursing methods. Methods: From January 2013 to June 2016 in our hospital, 80 patients were treated with vena cava filter implantation and anticoagulation and thrombolysis. The main complications were observed and nursing including bleeding tendency, pulmonary embolism, filter displacement , Shedding, blockage of filter thrombus, filter puncture of inferior vena cava and limb skin blister observation and care. Results: The total effective rate of 80 cases of thrombolytic therapy was 100%. The implementation of reasonable and effective nursing measures did not show any significant complications. There were 7 cases of blisters of varying sizes on the skin of the affected limbs; 6 cases of wound bleeding; 5 cases of puncture point bleeding; 4 cases of bloody stool; 3 cases of subcutaneous ecchymosis, healed after timely treatment. CONCLUSION: Anticoagulation and thrombolysis of lower extremity fractures with venous thrombosis and vena cava filter implantation are important for the observation and nursing of underlying complications. Good nursing coordination can prevent the occurrence of complications.