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利用苦瓜SSR引物对50份苦瓜基因组DNA进行扩增,分析其遗传多样性,并用NTSYS-pc 2.10e软件进行数据分析,计算遗传相似度,并用UPGMA方法进行聚类和亲缘关系分析。结果表明:16对SSR引物扩增出103条等位基因,多态性条带100个,平均每对引物扩增出6.44个位点,说明SSR引物在苦瓜遗传分析中有较高的实用性。50份苦瓜多态性位点百分率P、基因杂合度(He)、有效等位基因数(Ne)、ShannonWiener指数(H’)、多态信息含量(PIC)和遗传距离的均值结果分别为:95.8%、0.845、8.341、2.089、0.823、0.333,表明参试苦瓜遗传信息非常丰富。聚类分析将50份苦瓜聚为8类,第7类为最大遗传群体,野生苦瓜在整个群体的最外围,说明该材料具有独特的遗传特性;另外,多数油瓜分类中含有珍珠瓜和大顶苦瓜,说明油瓜中含有其它两类苦瓜较为丰富的遗传信息。
Fifty bitter melon genomic DNAs were amplified using bitter melon SSR primers and their genetic diversity was analyzed. The data were analyzed by NTSYS-pc 2.10e software, and the genetic similarity was calculated. The clustering and phylogenetic relationship were analyzed by UPGMA. The results showed that 16 pairs of SSR primers amplified 103 alleles and 100 polymorphic bands, with an average of 6.44 loci per primer pair, indicating that SSR primers are highly practical in the genetic analysis of bitter melon . The average values of P, H (He), Ne, Shannon-Wiener index (H ’), polymorphism information content (PIC) and genetic distance of 50 bitter gourd cultivars were as follows: 95.8%, 0.845,8.341,2.089,0.823,0.333, indicating that the genetic information bitter gourd is very rich. Cluster analysis of 50 bitter melon clustered into 8 categories, the 7th largest genetic group, the wild bitter gourd in the outermost periphery of the entire group, indicating that the material has a unique genetic characteristics; In addition, most melon classification contains pearl melon and large Top bitter melon, melon contains two other types of bitter gourd is more abundant genetic information.