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目的探讨不同孕周和出生体重的6个月龄婴儿发育行为状况。方法选取在马鞍山市妇幼保健院儿童保健门诊定期健康检查的3 157名6月龄婴儿为研究对象,在婴儿6个月龄时应用年龄与发育进程问卷中文版(Chinese Ages and Stages Questionnaires,ASQ-C)对儿童父母或主要带养人进行发育行为评估。两组间均数的比较采用t检验法,多组见均数比较采用方差分析。结果 6个月龄女婴个人—社会能区(PS)得分高于男婴(t=-3.901,P<0.01);主要带养人文化程度高的6个月龄婴儿的沟通能区(F=11.381,P<0.01)、解决问题(F=4.984,P<0.01)和个人—社会能区(F=4.273,P<0.05)得分高于主要带养人文化程度低者。不同出生体重6个月龄婴儿精细动作能区(F=4.463,P<0.05)得分差异具有统计学意义;不同出生孕周6个月龄婴儿精细动作能区(F=15.851,P<0.01)、解决问题能区(F=8.006,P<0.01)和个人—社会能区(F=4.493,P<0.05)得分差异具有统计学意义。结论性别和主要带养人文化程度影响婴儿的心理行为发育;出生孕周和出生体重高利于婴儿的心理行为发育。
Objective To investigate the developmental behaviors of 6-month-old infants of different gestational age and birth weight. Methods A total of 3 157 6-month-old infants from the Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Ma’anshan City were enrolled in this study. The Chinese Ages and Stages Questionnaires (ASQ- C) Assessment of developmental behavior of child’s parents or major dependent. Comparison of mean between the two groups using t test, multiple groups were compared using ANOVA. Results The individual-social area (PS) score of 6-month-old female babies was higher than that of male babies (t = -3.901, P <0.01) = 11.381, P <0.01). The scores of solving problems (F = 4.984, P <0.01) and individual-social areas (F = 4.273, P <0.05) were higher than those with the main dependents. There were significant differences in scores of fine motor function areas (F = 4.463, P <0.05) between 6-month-old infants with different birth weights. (F = 8.006, P <0.01) and the individual-social energy zone (F = 4.493, P <0.05) were statistically significant. Conclusions Gender and major dependents have an impact on the psychological behavior of infants. Gestational gestational age and high birth weight benefit babies’ psychological behavior.