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利用完全和不完全双列杂交材料对玉米穗长进行了杂种优势分析和遗传模型测验。结果表明:以Lancaster类群为母本的杂交组合F1代中合344优势均值最高(53.26%),一般配合力适中(0.914 1),生产上加以利用可组配出超亲中穗品种;Mo17由于本身为长穗自交系,所以优势均值适中(29.04%),但一般配合力最高(7.585 2)。通过对Lancaster类群玉米穗长的遗传模型测验可知,玉米穗长的遗传符合加性-显性模型,加性效应和显性效应真实存在,且加性效应更为重要。Mo17穗长的一般配合力最高,是最有潜力组配出中-长穗品种的亲本。
Heterosis analysis and genetic model test were conducted on the ear length of maize using complete and incomplete diallel cross hybrid materials. The results showed that the highest mean (53.26%) and highest (0.914 1) average heterosis in F1 generation of Lancaster population were obtained. It is a long panicle inbred line, so the average value of advantages (29.04%), but with the highest general combining ability (7.5852). According to the genetic model test of Lancaster population, we found that the inheritance of ear length accorded with additive-dominance model. The additive effect and the dominant effect were true, and the additive effect was more important. Mo17 ear length with the highest general combining ability, is the most potential group with medium-long variety of parents.