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目的分析浙江省2013—2014年城市居民癌症高风险率、筛查率和检出率,为开展癌症早诊早治项目工作提供依据。方法在宁波市和杭州市各选择2个市辖区,动员所有40~69岁常住户籍居民,按照知情同意自愿原则接受有关癌症的流行病学问卷调查和高风险评估。检出的高风险对象免费接受肺癌、肝癌、上消化道癌、女性乳腺癌和大肠癌临床筛查,分析评估癌症的高风险率、筛查率和检出率。结果共完成41 547名调查对象有效调查问卷和风险评估,其中肺癌、肝癌、上消化道癌、女性乳腺癌和大肠癌的高风险检出率分别为14.05%、12.58%、23.28%、11.50%和11.82%。单癌种、两癌种、三癌种、四癌种和五癌种同时高风险的比例依次为29.64%、10.97%、3.41%、1.16%和0.38%。五类癌的筛查率分别为肺癌50.91%、肝癌49.16%、上消化道癌19.55%、乳腺癌56.25%和大肠癌21.75%。肺癌或疑似肺癌检出率为2.42%,乳腺筛查BI-RADS分级4~5级检出率为6.71%,上消化道癌筛查检出率为0.32%,肝癌筛查检出率为0.04%,大肠癌筛查检出率为0.75%。结论需进一步完善城市癌症早诊早治技术方案和管理模式,提高筛查和早诊早治效果。
Objective To analyze the high risk of cancer, screening rate and detection rate of cancer among urban residents in Zhejiang Province from 2013 to 2014 so as to provide basis for the early diagnosis and early diagnosis of cancer. Methods Two municipal districts were selected in Ningbo and Hangzhou to mobilize all permanent residents aged from 40 to 69. The epidemiological survey and high risk assessment of cancer were accepted according to the principle of voluntary consent. The high-risk subjects detected were free to undergo clinical screening of lung cancer, liver cancer, upper gastrointestinal cancer, female breast cancer and colorectal cancer, and to analyze and evaluate the high-risk cancer rate, screening rate and detection rate. Results A total of 41 547 questionnaires and risk assessment were completed. The high-risk detection rates of lung cancer, liver cancer, upper gastrointestinal cancer, female breast cancer and colorectal cancer were 14.05%, 12.58%, 23.28% and 11.50% And 11.82% respectively. The proportions of single cancer, two cancer, three cancer, four cancer and five cancer at the same time were 29.64%, 10.97%, 3.41%, 1.16% and 0.38%, respectively. The five types of cancer screening rates were 50.91% for lung cancer, 49.16% for liver cancer, 19.55% for upper gastrointestinal cancer, 56.25% for breast cancer, and 21.75% for colorectal cancer. The detection rate of lung cancer or suspected lung cancer was 2.42%, the detection rate of BI-RADS grade 4-5 in breast screening was 6.71%, the detection rate of upper gastrointestinal cancer screening was 0.32%, and the detection rate of liver cancer screening was 0.04 %, The detection rate of colorectal cancer was 0.75%. Conclusion It is necessary to further improve the early diagnosis and treatment of urban cancer technology programs and management models to improve screening and early diagnosis and treatment of early results.