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血红蛋白(Hb)由珠蛋白和亚铁血红素组成,珠蛋白含2种成对多肽链,两个肽链之间通过组氨残基与一个血红素分子相结合。组成珠蛋白亚基的多肽为α、β、γ、δ、ε、ζ六种类型。而正常人有3种血红蛋白:Hb A,Hb F,Hb A2,而成人红细胞中主要含有Hb A。在用层析法分离血红蛋白时,可洗脱出3种含糖成分即:Hb Ala,Hb Alb,Hb Alc,合称为糖化血红蛋白(GHb)。
Hemoglobin (Hb) is composed of globin and heme. Globin contains two paired polypeptide chains, one of which is bound to the other by a histamine residue. The polypeptides that make up the globin subunit are alpha, beta, gamma, delta, epsilon, and zeta. While normal people have three kinds of hemoglobin: Hb A, Hb F, Hb A2, while adult erythrocytes mainly contain HbA. When hemoglobin is separated by chromatography, three kinds of sugar components, namely Hb Ala, Hb Alb and Hb Alc, can be eluted together and collectively called glycated hemoglobin (GHb).