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为了解龙眼果实成熟品质的构成因素及其相互关系,构建科学的品质评价体系,本研究以30个龙眼品种为试材,观察、测定了43个品质相关的理化指标,综合运用多种统计方法,对果实不同类型品质进行评价,构建预测模型,提出综合品质类型可用的判别公式。结果表明,(1)筛选出构成龙眼果实表观性状、经济性状、内在品质和综合品质的公因子成分及其解释指标。(2)建立了4种类型品质的评价模型及其评价指标库,据此计算出的品质预测值与其因子分析综合评分均极显著相关,具有较好的预测效果。(3)依据综合品质评分将30个品种分成3类:低糖大果型、高糖中果型、高糖小果型,依据自然属性和应用价值2类评价指标,对分类结果分别进行了自身验证和交叉验证判别分析,结果表明都具有较高的判别准确率,价值评估方法基本能够满足自然分类和应用分类的共同需要。总之,龙眼果实综合品质评价指标包括果肉葡萄糖含量、可溶性固形物(TSS)含量、果肉流汁、肉厚率、果肉质地、可食率和单果重,达到7个指标全优可以作为龙眼新品种选育的一个重要目标。
In order to understand the compositional factors of longan fruit ripening quality and their interrelationships and construct a scientific quality evaluation system, 30 longan cultivars were used as materials to observe and measure 43 quality-related physical and chemical indexes, and comprehensively used various statistical methods , Evaluate the quality of different types of fruit, build a predictive model, and propose a discriminant formula available for the integrated quality type. The results showed that: (1) The common factor components and their interpretation indexes of apparent characters, economic characters, intrinsic quality and comprehensive quality of longan fruits were screened out. (2) The establishment of four types of quality evaluation model and its evaluation index library, the calculated quality prediction value and its factor analysis comprehensive score are extremely significant correlation, with good prediction effect. (3) According to the comprehensive quality score, 30 cultivars were divided into 3 categories: low sugar large fruit type, high sugar medium fruit type and high sugar small fruit type. Based on the two categories of evaluation index of natural property and application value, Validation and cross-validation discriminant analysis, the results show that both have a high accuracy of the judgment, the value of the basic assessment methods to meet the natural classification and application of common needs. In conclusion, the comprehensive quality evaluation index of longan fruit includes the pulp glucose content, the TSS content, the pulp juice flow, the meat thickness, the flesh texture, the edible rate and the fruit weight. Breeding an important goal.