目的探讨急性多发性脑梗死的病因及危险因素,为治疗急性多发性脑梗死提供更多的临床资料。方法选取急性多发性脑梗死患者200例作为观察组,并选择同期治疗的200例急性单发性脑梗死患者作为对照组,分别对两组患者的临床资料、病因以及临床指标进行分析,并研究急性多发性脑梗死相关的危险因素。结果两组患者在有无卒中病史、高血压、糖尿病以及心房纤颤方面对比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组患者在大动脉粥样硬化、心源性栓塞以及小动脉闭塞上差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组患者在甘油三酯、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白、高密度脂蛋白以及纤维蛋白原水平上差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论卒中病史、高血压、糖尿病以及心房纤颤均是引起急性多发性脑梗死的危险因素,而吸烟又是独立危险因素;急性多发性脑梗死的病因主要以大动脉粥样硬化与心源性栓塞为主,急性单发性脑梗死的病因主要以小动脉闭塞为主。 Objective To investigate the etiology and risk factors of acute multiple cerebral infarction and provide more clinical data for the treatment of acute multiple cerebral infarction. Methods 200 patients with acute multiple cerebral infarction were selected as the observation group and 200 patients with acute cerebral infarction were selected as the control group. The clinical data, etiology and clinical indexes of the two groups were analyzed and studied Acute multiple cerebral infarction related risk factors. Results There was significant difference between the two groups in the presence of stroke history, hypertension, diabetes and atrial fibrillation (P <0.05). There was significant difference between the two groups in atherosclerosis, cardiac embolism and arteriolar occlusion (P <0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups in triglyceride, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein, high density lipoprotein and fibrinogen (P> 0.05). Conclusion Stroke history, hypertension, diabetes mellitus and atrial fibrillation are both risk factors for acute multiple cerebral infarction. Smoking is an independent risk factor. The causes of acute multiple cerebral infarction are mainly atherosclerosis and cardioembolism The main cause of acute cerebral infarction mainly arteriole occlusion-based.