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目的探讨孕期酒精接触对子鼠视皮质神经元凋亡的影响。方法从妊娠母鼠第5d酒精灌胃直至小鼠出生;采用激活的半胱氨酸天冬氨酸蛋白3(Caspase-3)免疫组织化学和原位末端标记(TUNEL)法观察P0、P7和P14小鼠视皮质神经元的凋亡。结果酒精实验组妊娠时间延长,出现死胎和畸形(小头畸形、无脑儿和脊柱脊髓裂等)。酒精实验组Caspase-3阳性率和凋亡指数明显高于对照组(P<0.001),高剂量酒精组明显高于低剂量组(P<0.01)。随着酒精剂量的增加,子鼠视皮质神经元的凋亡明显增加。结论孕期酒精接触可导致子鼠视皮质神经元凋亡,且有剂量依赖性和长时程效应。
Objective To investigate the effect of alcohol exposure during pregnancy on the apoptosis of cortical neurons in the offspring. Methods From the 5th day of gestation, the mice were sacrificed and the mice were born. The activated caspase-3 immunohistochemistry and TUNEL method were used to observe the changes of P0, P7 and P14 mouse visual cortex neurons apoptosis. Results In the experimental group, the gestational age was prolonged, with stillbirth and deformity (microcephaly, no brain and spina bifida). The positive rate and apoptotic index of Caspase-3 in alcohol experimental group were significantly higher than those in control group (P <0.001), and those in high-dose alcohol group were significantly higher than those in low-dose alcohol group (P <0.01). With the increase of the dose of alcohol, apoptosis of the cortical neurons in the zygotes significantly increased. Conclusion Alcohol exposure during pregnancy can lead to apoptosis of rat cortical neurons with dose-dependent and long-term effects.