明代负责救灾的机构在中央政府中主要是户部,地方上则是地方各级政府,此外,中央特遣到地方的巡抚及巡按御史也有救灾的职责。明代的各救灾机构有一套完整的救灾程序,主要包括报灾、勘灾、形成救灾决议三部分。 In the Ming Dynasty, the agencies responsible for disaster relief were mainly ministries in the central government and local governments at the local level. In addition, the governors dispatched by the central authorities to the local authorities and the patrolling censors also had the responsibility of disaster relief. The disaster relief agencies in the Ming Dynasty have a complete set of disaster relief procedures, including disaster reporting and prospecting, and form a resolution of disaster relief in three parts.