一般认为,产品生命周期由四个阶段组成,即介绍期、成长期、成熟期、衰退期,但对于实践中的财务经理们来说以下五阶段的产品生命周期更具有实际意义。一、初创阶段。初阶阶段是进行产品开发和市场调研的阶段, 具有很大的不确定性。此阶段最大的挑战就是在不确定的环境中如何应对现金流的不足,并同时保持适应性和考虑未来成长机会。初创阶段的第一步就是与营销部门合作,以增大未来新产品的销售,增加未来现金流入。这些现金流包括由于新项目开始运作而直 Generally believed that the product life cycle consists of four phases, namely introduction, growth, maturity, recession, but for the practice of financial managers, the following five stages of the product life cycle more practical. First, the start-up phase. The initial stage is the stage of product development and market research, with great uncertainty. The biggest challenge at this stage is how to deal with the cash flow deficit in an uncertain environment, while maintaining the adaptability and considering future growth opportunities. The first step in the start-up phase is to work with the marketing department to increase sales of new products in the future and increase future cash inflows. These cash flows include straight as new projects start to operate