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在总结机载海洋雷达高度计研制及其飞行实验的基础上,根据海面回波的性质,设计了一个星载雷达高度计系统。系统工作在脉冲有限足迹方式,发射脉冲为线性调频(Chirp)脉冲,接收系统采用“全去斜坡”技术及频谱分析方法将海面回波信号从时域转换至频域处理,自适应跟踪器可抑制大于75%的噪声,高脉冲重复频率使有效独立脉冲数达到最大,保证最大限度地抑制海面斑点噪声;设计了系统的主要工作模式:双分辨率捕获跟踪模式使海面回波信号的捕获时间小于5s,定标模式可保证系统达到设计的测高精度;分析了主要噪声,即海面斑点噪声和接收机热噪声对高度估值的影响,通过对几种典型海况海面回波的模拟分析表明,系统则高精度可达±2cm。
On the basis of summarizing the development of airborne altimetry altimeter and its flight experiment, an on-board radar altimetry system is designed according to the nature of the sea surface echo. The system works in the pulse limited footprinting mode, the transmitting pulse is a Chirp pulse, the receiving system adopts the “all-to-ramp” technique and the spectrum analysis method to convert the sea echo signal from the time domain to the frequency domain and the adaptive tracker The noise of more than 75% is suppressed, the high pulse repetition frequency maximizes the number of effective independent pulses, and the maximally suppressed speckle noise of the sea surface. The main working mode of the system is designed: the dual-resolution acquisition tracking mode enables the acquisition time of the sea echo signal Less than 5s, calibration mode can ensure the system to achieve the accuracy of the design of the survey; analysis of the main noise, that sea surface noise and receiver thermal noise on the height of the impact of estimates by several typical sea surface echo simulation show , The system is high-precision up to ± 2cm.