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依托中国科学院千烟洲生态试验站,利用1998年建立的红壤水稻田长期定位施肥试验,研究秸秆还田(ST)、化肥(NPK)、有机肥(OM)等施肥方式对红壤水稻土各粒级团聚体分布及其碳氮含量影响。结果表明:在所有施肥处理条件下红壤水稻土团聚体分布以<63μm的粉砂和粘粒为主,占41%—54%,长期施肥特别是施用OM有利于促进红壤水稻土大粒级团聚体形成;分别施用ST、NPK和OM均能提高红壤水稻土全土及各粒级团聚体中的有机碳和全氮含量,施用OM提高幅度最大。因此,在我国南方红壤稻作区的农业生产过程中应施用有机肥,从而改善土壤结构、碳贮量和养分状况。
Based on the long-term experiment of fertilization on paddy soil in red soil established in 1998, the experiment was carried out on Qianyanzhou Ecological Experimental Station of Chinese Academy of Sciences to study the effects of straw returning (ST), chemical fertilizers (NPK) and organic manure (OM) Aggregate distribution and its effects on carbon and nitrogen contents. The results showed that in all fertilization treatments, the aggregates of paddy soil in the red soil mainly distributed silt and clay with the size of <63μm, accounting for 41% -54%. The long-term fertilization, especially the application of OM, The application of ST, NPK and OM could both increase the contents of organic carbon and total nitrogen in the whole soil and the fractions of aggregates in paddy soils. The application of OM increased the most. Therefore, organic fertilizers should be applied in the process of agricultural production in the red soil paddy region of southern China so as to improve soil structure, carbon storage and nutrient status.