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目的根据心理学有关前瞻记忆的定义及记忆任务间相互干扰的效应,对慢性精神分裂症病人的前瞻记忆进行研究与分析。方法对慢性精神分裂症病人的前瞻记忆状况进行实验室情景下的实验调查。结果在第一个任务中,患者组漏报率显著增高,其对内容材料理解的正确率较对照组明显下降(P=0.013),错误率比对照组高,但差别无统计学意义(P=0.528)。在第二个任务中,患者组漏报率无显著增高(P>0.05),错误率增多,反应时间明显延长(t=-3.984,P=0.001)。结论在第一个任务中漏报率显著增高,而记忆的干扰效应要小于正常人;前瞻记忆的缺损与其受教育年限、性别、家庭关怀程度、态度自评分无显著相关。
Objective To study and analyze the prospective memory of patients with chronic schizophrenia according to the definition of prospective memory and the effect of mutual interference between memory tasks in psychology. Methods The experimental study of prospective memory status in patients with chronic schizophrenia under laboratory scenarios. Results In the first task, the false alarm rate was significantly higher in the patient group than in the control group (P = 0.013), and the error rate was higher than that in the control group, but the difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.528). In the second task, there was no significant increase in the false negative rate (P> 0.05), the error rate increased, and the response time significantly prolonged (t = -3.984, P = 0.001). Conclusion In the first task, the false negative rate was significantly higher than that of normal subjects. The memory loss of prospective memory was not significantly related to the years of education, gender, family care and attitudes.