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目的了解西安市2008～2010年农村生活饮用水水质卫生现状,为农村生活饮用水的监督管理提供科学依据。方法对2008、2009年,西安市4个区(县)及2010年新增的临潼、高陵两个区县的农村饮用水的监测结果进行分析。结果 2008、2009、2010年的水质合格率分别为48.4%、51.5%,45.2%。合格率较低的项目主要为细菌总数、大肠菌群、耐热大肠菌群。2008～2010年丰水期和枯水期水质合格率差异无统计学意义(P﹥0.05)。不同区县水质合格率差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。蓝田县的合格率最低为36.9%,长安区的合格率最高为53.9%。结论西安市农村饮用水合格率较低,应重点解决微生物指标的超标问题,建议加强水源保护,采取水质净化消毒措施,同时加强对饮水水源的监督监测力度,以保障农村居民的身体健康。
Objective To understand the sanitary status of drinking water quality in rural areas from 2008 to 2010 in Xi’an and to provide a scientific basis for the supervision and management of rural drinking water. Methods The monitoring results of drinking water in rural areas in two districts and counties of Lintong and Gaoling in 2008, 2009, four districts and counties in Xi’an and in 2010 were analyzed. Results The qualified rates of water quality in 2008, 2009 and 2010 were 48.4%, 51.5% and 45.2% respectively. Lower pass rate of the project mainly for the total number of bacteria, coliform bacteria, heat-resistant coliform bacteria. There was no significant difference in the qualified rate of water quality between the wet season and the dry season from 2008 to 2010 (P> 0.05). The difference of qualified rate of water quality in different districts and counties was statistically significant (P <0.05). The lowest pass rate of Lantian County is 36.9% and the highest passing rate of Chang’an District is 53.9%. Conclusions The passing rate of drinking water in rural areas of Xi’an is relatively low. We should focus on solving the problem of exceeding the standard of microbial indicators. It is suggested to strengthen the protection of water sources and take measures to purify and disinfect water quality. At the same time, supervision and monitoring of drinking water sources should be strengthened to ensure the health of rural residents.