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无论是上世纪70年代在韩国企业“由轻到重”的升级、还是1997年金融危机后重工国企民营化,韩国政府都是极其重要的推动力量上个世纪60年代初,韩国政府开始致力于经济建设。鉴于资源贫乏、但人力丰富的国情,韩国政府决定集中力量在服装等轻工领域。这也是韩国以日本为榜样,借鉴其从轻工业入手经济建设的道路。70年代,韩国逐渐把从轻工业中积累的资本、企业家能力、良好的人力资源投入到化工、钢铁、造船等产业,开始向重工转型。同时,70年代与朝鲜的对立逐渐紧张,更加剧了朴正熙政府准备战争、发展军工的企图。政府都采取各种优惠手段激励民间企业参与,民企的重型化与国家的重工化始终紧密结合,之间并无脱节。
Whether it is the upgrading of Korean enterprises in the 1970s from “light to heavy” or the privatization of heavy state-owned enterprises after the 1997 financial crisis, the Korean government is an extremely important driving force. In the early 1960s, the South Korean government started Committed to economic development. In view of the resource-poor but manpower-rich national conditions, the South Korean government decided to concentrate on areas such as clothing and light industry. This is also the example of South Korea taking Japan as an example and drawing on its own path of economic construction starting from light industry. In the 1970s, South Korea gradually put capital, entrepreneurial capabilities and good manpower resources accumulated in light industry into the chemical, steel, shipbuilding and other industries and began to shift to heavy industry. In the meantime, the tensions between the 1970s and North Korea have become increasingly tense, further aggravating the attempts of the Pak-Ch’i-Hsi administration to prepare for the war and develop the military. The government has adopted various preferential measures to encourage non-governmental enterprises to participate. There is no disconnect between the heavy-duty state-owned enterprises and the state’s reworking.