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采用求解能量本征方程、幺正变换及变分相结合的方法,研究声子效应对球型量子点中电子-声子系(极化子)能量、量子比特性质的影响.数值计算表明,能量随量子点尺寸的增大而减小,说明量子点具有明显的量子尺寸效应;当考虑声子效应时,能量、量子比特的振荡周期均减小,说明声子效应使得量子比特的相干性减弱;且量子比特内各空间点的概率密度均随时间做周期性振荡,不同空间点的概率密度随径向坐标和角坐标的变化而变化.
The effect of phonon effect on the energy and quantum bit properties of the electron-phonon system (polaron) in a spherical quantum dot is studied by solving the eigen equation of the energy, unitary transformation and variational variation. Numerical calculations show that, The energy decreases with the size of the quantum dots, indicating that the quantum dots have obvious quantum size effect. When the phonon effect is considered, the oscillation periods of the energy and quantum bits decrease, which indicates that the phonon effect makes the coherence of the quantum bits And the probability density of each space point in the qubit periodically oscillates with time. The probability density of different space points changes with the radial coordinates and angular coordinates.