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章太炎的孔子观是随其学术思想与政治立场的调整而转变的,可以分为三个时期。第一时期为维新改革时期,章氏采取“以西释中”的方式肯定孔子不言天道、鬼神的科学精神,在政治上,他将孔子打扮成一位改革家。第二时期为民族革命时期,章氏在学术上将孔子看做伟大的史学家,表彰其“自贵其心”的精神,在政治上则攻击孔子维护君主专制、败坏国人道德。辛亥革命之后是第三时期,章氏以佛证孔,体得孔子贯穿学术与政治的生命哲学,走上尊孔道路。章氏中年以后的孔子观蕴含着对现代性的反思与超越。
Zhang Taiyan’s view of Confucius is changed with the adjustment of his academic thoughts and political standpoints. It can be divided into three periods. In the first period, during the period of reform and reform, Zhang Shih adopted the method of “explaining the west of China” and affirmed Confucius unscientific spirit. In political terms, he dressed Confucius as a reformer. The second period was the period of national revolution. Zhang Shi regarded Confucius as a great historian in academic terms, praising his “self-noble heart” spirit and politically attacking Confucius in defending the monarchy and ruining the moral of the countrymen. After the Revolution of 1911, which was the third period, Zhang’s Confucianism proved that Confucius had embraced the philosophy of life in academic and political life and embarked on the path of respecting Confucianism. Zhang’s middle-aged Confucius concept contains introspection and transcendence of modernity.