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本文旨在厘清汽车装配制造商的技术知识运用于零部件制造商创新中的真实作用,即探讨在不同的创新情境中的不同作用。提出两个维度作为区分不同情境的基础:零件商创造能力和创新的激进程度。交叉这两个维度得到四种创新情境,分别讨论零部件制造商在各种情境中运用装配商知识的作用。以美国汽车行业中的零部件制造商作为研究对象,以他们发布的专利作为样本,以专利数据构建变量,开展了实证研究。结果显示,只有在“能力弱的零件商开展渐进创新”情境中,运用装配商知识会对创新质量产生显著的促进作用。另外一个重要的结果是,在“能力强的零件商开展激进创新”情境中,运用越多装配制造商知识,创新质量越差;进一步探索发现,在这种情境中零件商应当从更广泛的外部来源中获取知识,并加以运用。
The purpose of this article is to clarify the true role of automotive assembly manufacturers’ technical know-how in the innovation of component manufacturers, ie to explore the different roles played in different contexts of innovation. Two dimensions are proposed as a basis for distinguishing between different situations: the radicalization of part-maker creation and innovation. Crossing these two dimensions to get four innovative situations, respectively, parts manufacturers discuss the role of assembly assemblers in a variety of situations. Taking the parts manufacturers in the automobile industry of the United States as the research object, the patents they publish are used as samples, and the patent data is used to construct the variables to carry out empirical research. The results show that applying assembler knowledge can significantly improve the quality of innovation only in the context of “incremental innovations” among the “weaker-capable” parts suppliers. Another important result is that in the “radical innovation” of “competent parts suppliers” scenario, the more innovative the assembly, the worse the quality of innovation is. In further exploration, it is found that in this situation, Get knowledge from a wide range of external sources and use it.