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孔子所缔造的中国文明之“长寿”令诸西方文明无法匹敌,孔子本人的成就与影响也令众多西方哲人瞠乎其后。有别于“轴心时代”的其他东西方文明,孔子所创的儒学是世俗化的而非宗教性的,且属政治伦理学而非政治哲学。近代德国哲人莱布尼兹率先因宗教上的“中国礼仪之争”认识到儒家文明的独特之处,但却主要局限于科学与宗教维度。继之而起的德国哲学家沃尔夫对“中国实践哲学”进行了伦理学上可知论与渐进论的解释,从而对前者赋予了超越其时代的现代性,并对康德的伦理学产生了重要影响。
The “longevity” of Chinese civilization created by Confucius made all kinds of Western civilization unmatched. The achievements and influence of Confucius themselves also made many Western philosophers pay no attention to it. Confucianism created by Confucius is secular rather than religious, and belongs to political ethics rather than political philosophy. In modern times, the German philosopher Leibniz took the lead in recognizing the uniqueness of Confucian civilization because of its religious “dispute over Chinese ceremonies.” However, it was mainly confined to the dimensions of science and religion. The consequent German philosopher Wolf made an ethically informed and gradual explanation of “China’s Practical Philosophy ”, giving the former its modernity beyond its own time, and giving birth to Kant’s ethics A significant impact