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目的:探讨乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染孕妇在母婴垂直传播中的相关因素。方法:对孕10个月分娩的260例HBV感染孕妇的资料进行回顾性分析,观察新生儿脐血的HBVM模式及其与母亲模式的关系。采用化学发光法对产前孕妇进行HBVM免疫学标志联合测定,分娩后新生儿取脐血检测HBVM免疫学测定。结果:①乙肝表面抗原(HBsAg)阳性母亲的新生儿脐血HBsAg(和或HBeAg)阳性率34.23%(89/260),其中58例大三阳者新生儿脐血HBsAg(和或HBeAg)阳性率高达82.76%(48/58),202例小三阳者新生儿脐血HBsAg(和或HBeAg)阳性率达20.30%(41/202)。②89例新生儿感染者中,阴道顺产者有44例,剖宫产者有45例。③新生儿所出现的抗体阳性结果几乎都是其母亲所具有的抗体阳性结果。结论:HBeAg阳性是母婴垂直传播HBV的重要因素,剖宫产并不能降低HBsAg阳性母亲的新生儿脐血HBsAg(或HBeAg)阳性率。新生儿体内的抗体几乎全部来自于母体。
Objective: To investigate the related factors of vertical transmission of mother-infant in pregnant women with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Methods: The data of 260 pregnant women with HBV infection who were delivered at 10 months of gestation were retrospectively analyzed. The HBVM pattern of neonatal cord blood and its relationship with mothers’ pattern were observed. The chemiluminescence method was used to detect the HBVM immunological markers in prenatal pregnant women, and the neonatal umbilical cord blood was taken to detect the HBVM immunological test after delivery. Results: ① The positive rate of HBsAg (and or HBeAg) in neonates with HBsAg positive mothers was 34.23% (89/260), of which 58 were HBsAg positive (positive or HBeAg positive) The rate of up to 82.76% (48/58), 202 cases of small three positive neonates HBsAg (and or HBeAg) positive rate of 20.30% (41/202). ② 89 cases of neonatal infections, vaginal birth in 44 cases, 45 cases of cesarean section. ③ Neonatal antibody positive results appear almost all of their mothers have antibodies positive results. Conclusion: HBeAg positive is an important factor of vertical transmission of HBV in mother and infant. Cesarean section does not reduce the positive rate of HBsAg (or HBeAg) in neonates with HBsAg positive mothers. Neonatal antibodies almost all from the mother.