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提高杂交粳稻竞争优势的关键是选育具有高配合力的大穗型杂交粳稻恢复系。为使配合力改良更有效,选用115对SSR引物扩增6个粳稻BT型不育系和12个恢复系的标记基因型,并按NCⅡ(North CarolinaⅡ)遗传交配设计配制72个F1组合,分析18个亲本的一次枝梗数、二次枝梗数和穗长3个穗部性状的配合力,结合亲本SSR分子标记数据和性状配合力数据筛选3个穗部性状优异配合力的标记基因型。结果发现:23个标记基因型与亲本3个穗部性状配合力显著相关。其中1个标记基因型与亲本3个性状配合力都相关;7个标记基因型与亲本2个性状配合力都相关;15个标记基因型与亲本单个性状配合力相关。标记基因型RM8254-120/180对3个性状的配合力效应都是正的,可使F1的每穗一次枝梗数、二次枝梗数和穗长3个性状值分别增加21.63%、21.12%和16.12%。与亲本2个性状配合力相关的7个标记基因型中有6个标记基因型对亲本的配合力效应是正值,1个标记基因型对亲本的配合力效应是负值。
The key to improve the competitive advantage of japonica hybrid rice is to breed a large-panicle japonica hybrid rice restorer with high combining ability. To improve the combining ability, 115 pairs of SSR primers were used to amplify the marker genotypes of 6 BT-type CMS lines and 12 restorer lines in japonica rice. 72 F1 combinations were designed according to the genetic mating design of NCⅡ (North CarolinaⅡ) 18 parents with primary branch number, secondary branch number and spike length of 3 panicle traits were selected. Three marker genotypes with excellent combining ability of panicle traits were screened with SSR molecular marker data and trait combining ability data of parents. The results showed that the 23 marker genotypes were significantly correlated with the combining ability of the three panicle traits. One of the marker genotypes was related to the combining ability of the three traits of the parents. The seven marker genotypes were correlated with the combining ability of the two traits of the parents. The 15 marker genotypes were correlated with the combining ability of the single traits of the parents. The combining effect of marker genotype RM8254-120 / 180 on three traits was positive, which increased the number of primary branches, secondary branches and spike length of F1 by 21.63%, 21.12% and 16.12 %. Six of the seven marker genotypes correlated with the combining ability of the two traits in the parents were positive for the combining ability of the parents, and one marker genotype had a negative effect on the combining ability of the parents.