目的:了解北仑区出生缺陷的发生情况、变化趋势、影响因素,寻找降低出生缺陷的方法和依据,并提出有效干预措施。方法:对2010年--2014年宁波市北仑区戚家山街道管理的4228例围产儿进行监测,对其中的47例出生缺陷监测资料进行统计分析。结果:出生缺陷47例,出生缺陷平均发生率11.12‰,围产儿死亡18例,平均发生率4.26‰。出生缺陷的发生率呈逐年下降趋势,先天性心脏病位于各类畸形的首位,其次是四肢畸形、唇腭裂。孕妇异常孕产史、孕期合并症、文化程度、居住环境、双胎、年龄等都与出生缺陷的发生有一定关系。结论:加强社会宣传,系统产前检查,通过遗传学诊断、产前诊断彩超等手段可提高先天畸形的检出率,减少出生缺陷的发生,提高出生人口素质。 OBJECTIVE: To understand the occurrence, changing trend and influencing factors of birth defects in Beilun District, to find out the methods and basis for reducing birth defects and to propose effective intervention measures. Methods: A total of 4,228 perinatal infants managed from Qijiashan Street in Beilun District, Ningbo City from 2010 to 2014 were monitored, and 47 cases of birth defects monitoring data were analyzed statistically. Results: There were 47 birth defects, the average incidence of birth defects was 11.12 ‰, and the number of perinatal deaths was 18, the average incidence was 4.26 ‰. The incidence of birth defects showed a downward trend year by year, congenital heart disease located in the first place of all kinds of deformities, followed by limb deformities, cleft lip and palate. The abnormal pregnancy history of pregnant women, complications during pregnancy, educational level, living environment, twins, age and so have a certain relationship with the occurrence of birth defects. Conclusion: To strengthen social publicity, systematic prenatal examination, through genetic diagnosis, prenatal diagnosis of ultrasound and other means can increase the detection rate of congenital malformations, reduce birth defects and improve the quality of the birth population.