论文部分内容阅读
“基本生活需要”是社会政策规划设计中必须厘清的基本概念。由于诸多因素的影响,在理论和实务界,对“基本生活需要”的理解至今未达成基本共识,甚至在某些政策设计中明显存在认识上的误区。本文是中国城市居民“基本生活需要”研究报告的导论,共分三部分。首先,就“基本生活需求”研究的政策意涵,尤其是该概念与社会保障制度、最低工资制度及其他相关制度的关系进行了探讨,旨在强调此项研究的重要性与实践意义。其次,对“基本生活需要”在反贫困研究中存在的某些认识上的误区进行了分析,旨在提醒社会政策策划和设计过程中误读“基本生活需要”可能产生的危害性。最后,结合作者的以往研究,借鉴澳大利亚的“预算标准法”,尝试提出了一个研究中国城市居民“基本生活需要”的可操作的分析框架。
“Basic needs of life” is the basic concept that must be clarified in the planning and design of social policies. Due to many factors, there has so far been no consensus on the understanding of “basic needs of life” in both theory and practice and there are even obvious misunderstandings in some policy designs. This essay is an introduction to the research report on “basic needs of living” of Chinese urban residents, which is divided into three parts. First of all, the policy implications of the “basic needs of life” research, especially the relationship between the concept and the social security system, the minimum wage system and other related systems, are explored in order to emphasize the importance and practical significance of the study. Secondly, some misunderstandings about “basic necessities of life” in the study of anti-poverty are analyzed to remind people of misleading the possible harm of “basic needs of life” in the planning and design of social policies. Finally, based on the author’s previous studies and drawing on Australia’s “Budget Standards Law”, this paper tries to put forward an operable analytical framework for studying the “basic needs of living” for Chinese urban residents.