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目的探讨济南市肾综合征出血热(HFRS)的流行规律,为制定防治措施提供科学依据。方法根据济南市传染病报告资料,对2002-2007年肾综合征出血热疫情进行描述流行病学分析,开展宿主动物监测,调查鼠密度和检测带毒率。结果2002-2007年济南市共报告出血热1396例,年均发病率为3.93/10万,死亡16例,病死率为1.15%;发病率呈现持续下降的趋势(r=-0.9129,P<0.02;发病主要集中在郊县,占86.46%,2～5月发病占总数的48.28%;15～59岁年龄段发病最多,占85.10%,农民发病占71.28%,男女性别比为2.44∶1;褐家鼠为济南市捕获的优势鼠种,鼠密度为1.25%,鼠带毒率为3.84%,鼠密度持续下降(r=-0.9940,P<0.001);发病率与鼠密度呈正相关(r=0.9299,t=2.34,P<0.01)。结论济南市出血热疫情呈现逐年下降的趋势;鼠密度持续下降可能是导致疫情下降的重要原因,灭鼠仍将是今后出血热防控的一个主要手段。
Objective To investigate the prevalence of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Jinan City and provide a scientific basis for making prevention and cure measures. Methods According to the report of infectious diseases in Jinan City, an epidemiological analysis on the epidemic situation of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome from 2002 to 2007 was conducted. Host animal monitoring was carried out to investigate the rat density and the detection rate. Results A total of 1396 cases of hemorrhagic fever were reported in Ji’nan City from 2002 to 2007, with an average annual incidence of 3.93 / lakh and 16 deaths, with a mortality rate of 1.15%. The incidence showed a continuous decline (r = -0.9129, P <0.02 ; Incidence was mainly concentrated in suburban counties, accounting for 86.46%, 48.28% of the total from May to May; the highest incidence in the age group of 15-59 years, accounting for 85.10%, the incidence of peasants accounting for 71.28%, male to female ratio of 2.44:1; Rattus norvegicus was the dominant species captured in Ji’nan City. The rat density was 1.25% and the rat poisoning rate was 3.84%. The rat density continued to decline (r = -0.9940, P <0.001). The incidence was positively correlated with the rat density = 0.9299, t = 2.34, P <0.01) .Conclusion The epidemic situation of hemorrhagic fever in Jinan shows a declining trend year by year. The continued decline of rat density may be the important reason leading to the decrease of epidemic situation. means.