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国库单一账户的推行和集中支付中心的成立规范了财政预算资金的管理,提高了资金使用效率,但在运作过程中仍存在诸多缺陷,削弱了人民银行国库监督职能。主要问题一是规章制度操作性不强,制约了国库监管职能的有效发挥。一方面,对代理银行的监管缺乏制度安排。目前,代理银行的代理资格虽然由人民银行确定,财政部门与之签订代理协议,而对于代理业务的违规情况,并没有制度明确规定人民银行国库部门可以采取相应措施进行处理,因而弱化了国库部门对代理银行的监管职能。另一方面,对财政资金的监管职能弱化。
The implementation of a single Treasury account and the establishment of a centralized payment center regulate the management of budgetary funds and improve the efficiency of fund utilization. However, there are still many shortcomings in the operation of the treasury, which weakens the functions of the treasury supervision of the People’s Bank of China. One of the main problems is the poor operability of rules and regulations, restricting the effective functioning of the state treasury regulatory functions. On the one hand, there is no institutional arrangement for the supervision of the agency bank. At present, although the agency qualification of the Acting Bank is determined by the People’s Bank of China, the financial department signs the agency agreement with it, and for the non-compliance of the agency business, no system explicitly stipulates that the PBOC’s treasury department can take corresponding measures to deal with it, thus weakening the treasury department Supervision of the agency bank. On the other hand, the regulatory function of fiscal funds is weakened.