什么是文化“主体”、“主体性”如何理解民族文化的“主体”、“主体性”?根据黑格尔的看法,实体即主体,一切主体均具有实体性,但真正的主体不是自在的,而是自为的。即,真正能够被称之为主体的,是有自我意识、自由意志精神的。“人间最高贵的事”就是成为具有自我意识、自由意志精神的“人”。[1]“认识你自己”是人类的永恒问题。“我是谁?”、“我应做些什么?”康德式的追问,永远摆在我们面前。对于一个民族亦如是。任何一个民族在现象形态上当然是实体。然而,作为实体存在的民族未必是真正作为主体存在。一个民族,无论其编年史意义上的历史有多长,除了考古学意义的文化 What is culture “subject ”, “subjectivity ” How to understand “subject”, “subjectivity” of national culture? According to Hegel’s view, entity is subject, all subjects are substantive , But the real subject is not comfortable, but self-serving. That is, what can really be called the subject is self-conscious and free-spirited. “The most noble thing in the world ” is to become “people ” with self-awareness, free will. [1] “Know Your Own ” is the eternal issue of mankind. “Who am I?”, “What should I do?” Kant’s questioning is always before us. The same is true for a nation. Any one nation is, of course, an entity in its phenomenal form. However, the nation as an entity does not necessarily exist as a true entity. A nation, no matter how long its history in the chronological sense, apart from the archaeological significance of the culture