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目的分析2010-2013年度梧州市流感病毒流行特征。方法选择监测点进行流感流行病学和实验室病原学监测。结果 2010-2013年梧州市流感样病例(Influenza-Like Illness,ILI)按月百分率分别为0.93%~1.6%、0.9%~1.14%、1.04%~4.19%、2.03%~3.54%。流感样病例主要集中在5岁以下儿童。2010年检出流感病毒核酸阳性标本125份,阳性率9.87%,其中新甲型H1N1、季节性H3N2和B型流感分别占阳性标本的21.51%、26.41%和55.82%;2011年检出核酸阳性标本92份,阳性率9.48%,新甲型H1N1占优势;2012年检出核酸阳性标本154份,阳性率14.35%,主要型别为B型和季节性H3N2;2013年核酸阳性标本295份,阳性率19.55%,主要型别为新甲型H1N1和B型流感。2010-2013年流感暴发疫情共有8起,在4月、6月、11月、12月发生。结论通过观察门诊流感样病例数的百分比变化,可以大体推测流感活动强弱;对流感各亚型核酸的检测能较准确地反映了流感病毒的流行状况。
Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of influenza virus in Wuzhou from 2010 to 2013. Methods Monitoring points were selected for influenza epidemiology and laboratory etiology monitoring. Results The monthly percentages of Influenza-Like Illness (ILI) in 2010-2013 were 0.93% -1.6%, 0.9% -1.14%, 1.04% -4.19% and 2.03% -3.54%, respectively. Influenza-like cases are mainly concentrated in children under 5 years of age. In 2010, 125 positive samples of influenza virus nucleic acid were detected, the positive rate was 9.87%. Among them, the newly diagnosed H1N1, seasonal H3N2 and B influenza accounted for 21.51%, 26.41% and 55.82% of the positive samples respectively; 92 samples were positive, the positive rate was 9.48%, and the new H1N1 was predominant. In 2012, 154 samples were positive for nucleic acid, the positive rate was 14.35%. The main types were type B and seasonal H3N2. There were 295 nucleic acid positive samples in 2013, The positive rate was 19.55%. The main types were new type A H1N1 and type B influenza. There were 8 flu outbreaks in 2010-2013, which occurred in April, June, November and December. Conclusion By observing the percentage change of the number of outpatient flu-like cases, the activity of influenza can be roughly estimated. The detection of influenza subtypes can accurately reflect the prevalence of influenza virus.