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目的对北京市机场口岸中华按蚊密度分布情况及疟原虫携带情况进行调查分析,评价北京市是否存在疟疾传播的蚊媒,为机场口岸蚊媒传播疾病预测预警提供依据。方法采用国家标准GB/T 23797-2009中的CO2诱蚊灯法,通过描述性研究方法对机场周边2012-2014年中华按蚊监测数据进行流行病学分析;并对捕获的中华按蚊进行4种疟原虫核酸检测。结果 2012-2014年共捕获成蚊103 231只,密度指数为34.66只/(灯·h),淡色库蚊为优势种,占捕获总数的85.05%,中华按蚊占0.09%;2012-2014年中华按蚊年平均密度分别为0.04、0.03和0.03只/(灯·h),差异无统计学意义(F=0.310,P>0.05);5-9月均能捕到中华按蚊;2012-2014年7个监测点中华按蚊密度在0~0.17之间,7个监测点中华按蚊密度差异有统计学意义(F=10.548,P<0.01)。蚊媒疟原虫携带状况检测结果均为阴性。结论北京市机场口岸存在疟疾传播的蚊媒,北京市存在由输入性病例(境外感染病例及外省感染病例)引起疟疾本地传播的风险。应加强对中华按蚊的监测工作。
Objective To investigate the density distribution of Anopheles sinensis and the carrying status of malaria parasite in airport ports in Beijing and evaluate the existence of mosquito vectors of malaria transmission in Beijing and provide evidence for the prediction and warning of mosquito-borne diseases at airports. Methods The CO2-based mosquito lamp method in national standard GB / T 23797-2009 was used to carry out epidemiological analysis of the Anopheles sinensis surveillance data around the airport from 2012 to 2014 by descriptive method. The captured Anopheles sinensis 4 Plasmodium nucleic acid detection. Results A total of 103 231 adult mosquitoes were collected from 2012 to 2014, with a density index of 34.66 / (lamp · h). Culex pipiens pallens were the dominant species, accounting for 85.05% of the total catch and 0.09% of the Anopheles sinensis. In 2012-2014 The average annual density of Anopheles sinensis was 0.04, 0.03 and 0.03 / lamp / h, respectively, with no significant difference (F = 0.310, P> 0.05). Anopheles sinensis was found from May to September, The density of Anopheles sinensis among the seven monitoring sites in 2014 was between 0 and 0.17. The density of Anopheles sinensis in the seven monitoring sites was significantly different (F = 10.548, P <0.01). Mosquito parasites carrying status test results were negative. Conclusions There is mosquito-borne malaria transmission in Beijing’s port of entry. There is a risk of local malaria transmission in Beijing due to imported cases (cases of overseas infections and cases of infection by other provinces). Anopheles sinensis should be strengthened monitoring.