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根据长江流域特别是三峡库区的调查和研究资料，论述了长江流域历史上自然植被的破坏情况，指出自然植被的破坏历史，就是长江流域水土流失的发展史。对三峡库区１９个县市５０年代与８０年代森林覆盖率比较和森林现状分析，表明三峡库区森林植被破坏十分严重，目前森林覆盖率平均只有１９．５％；同时库区自然植被出现逆向演替，即植被退化，并指出了植被退化的一般规律。根据对三峡库区不同土地利用状况下土壤侵蚀和产沙情况的调查资料分析，表明这一区域侵蚀产沙的主要面上来源是沿江的农田，库区长江河谷两岸大量存在的崩塌和滑坡也是侵蚀产沙重要的点来源。通过对三峡库区各类土地利用方式侵蚀程度、面积和比例的统计分析，反映出三峡库区土壤侵蚀状况是随着森林植被的逆向演替而相应发展和加剧的，森林植被保护和建设是长江流域水土保持的根本性措施。
According to the investigation and research data of the Yangtze River Basin, especially the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, the destruction of natural vegetation in the history of the Yangtze River Basin is discussed. The history of destruction of natural vegetation is the history of soil and water loss in the Yangtze River Basin. The comparison of forest coverage and forest status in 19 counties and cities in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area in the 1950s and 1980s shows that the destruction of forest vegetation in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area is very serious. At present, the average forest coverage rate is only 19.5%. At the same time, Succession, that is, vegetation degradation, pointed out the general law of vegetation degradation. Based on the survey data of soil erosion and sediment yield under different land use conditions in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, it is shown that the main source of soil erosion and sediment yield in this area is the farmland along the Yangtze River. There are also a large number of landslides and landslides on both banks of the Yangtze River valley in the reservoir area Erosion and sediment important point source. Through the statistical analysis of the erosion extent, area and proportion of all kinds of land use patterns in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, it shows that the soil erosion in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area is correspondingly developed and intensified with the reverse succession of forest vegetation. The protection and construction of forest vegetation are The Fundamental Measures of Soil and Water Conservation in the Yangtze River Basin.