论文部分内容阅读
目的识别重庆市某汽车内饰系统生产企业生产过程中产生的职业病危害因素,确定其危害程度,并对职业病危害现状进行分析。方法采用职业卫生现场调查、职业病危害因素检测方法进行定性、定量分析与评价。结果存在的主要职业病危害因素为噪声、苯、甲苯、二甲苯、粉尘、苯乙烯、四氯化碳、三氯甲烷、甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)、二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)和甲醛,38.6%的作业人员接触噪声8 h等效声级(L_(EX,8 h))超过国家标准要求,最大值为92.7 d B(A),超标岗位为喷胶工、装配工、摩擦焊工;化学因素浓度均符合国家职业接触限值要求,其中苯8 h时间加权平均浓度(C_(TWA))为0.21~4.40 mg/m~3,短时间接触浓度(C_(STEL))为3.1~3.4 mg/m~3,达到50%~100%职业接触限值(OELs);甲醛最高浓度(C_(MC))为0.1 mg/m~3,三氯甲烷8 h时间加权平均浓度(C_(TWA))为1.0~6.8 mg/m~3;四氯化碳8 h时间加权平均浓度(C_(TWA))为2.9~4.0 mg/m~3,短时间接触浓度(C_(STEL))为2.2~3.3 mg/m~3,浓度水平为10%~50%OELs;其余化学物因素浓度小于10%OELs。结论该企业职业病危害风险分类为严重,职业病危害现状不容乐观,需采取工程技术措施,改善作业现状。
Objective To identify the hazard factors of occupational diseases in the production process of a car interior system manufacturing enterprise in Chongqing and determine its harm degree, and analyze the present situation of occupational disease hazards. Methods Occupational health field surveys, occupational disease risk factors detection methods qualitative and quantitative analysis and evaluation. Results The main risk factors for occupational diseases were noise, benzene, toluene, xylene, dust, styrene, carbon tetrachloride, trichloromethane, toluene diisocyanate (TDI), diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) 38.6% of workers contact noise 8 h equivalent sound level (L_ (EX, 8 h)) exceeds the national standard, the maximum value is 92.7 d B (A), exceeding the posts for the sprayers, fitters, friction welders; The concentration of chemical factors were in line with the national occupational exposure limits. The average concentration of benzene in 8 h time was 0.21 ~ 4.40 mg / m ~ 3 and the ST_ (ST_EL) was 3.1 ~ 3.4 The highest concentration of formaldehyde (C_ (MC)) was 0.1 mg / m ~ 3 and the average concentration of trichloromethane at 8 h was C_ (TWA) )) Was 1.0-6.8 mg / m 3; the time-weighted average concentration of carbon tetrachloride (C TWA) was 2.9-4.0 mg / m 3 for 8 h and 2.2 for ST_ (C STEL) ~ 3.3 mg / m ~ 3, and the concentration level is 10% ~ 50% OELs; the concentration of other chemical factors is less than 10% OELs. Conclusion The risk of occupational disease in this enterprise is classified as serious, and the status quo of occupational disease hazards is not optimistic. Engineering and technical measures should be taken to improve the current operation status.