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符合正义要求的土地法律规制问题是当前中国现代化过程中亟需解决的紧迫问题,既有的关于土地法律规制的研究,都陷入立场先行或仅进行形式分析的思维泥淖中。农民权利保障理论要求形成以农民合法权益为中心的法律规范体系,市场要素理论认为应通过法律形式保护好土地承包经营权(经营权)的自由流转、质押,现代化进程理论主张通过法律规制好土地增值部分如何使用的问题。三种理论各有利弊,有关土地的法律制度安排,应处理好土地与稳定、发展之间的利益平衡,根据中国实际形成中国特色土地法律制度安排。
The legal regulation of land in conformity with the requirements of justice is an urgent issue urgently needed to be solved in the process of China’s modernization. Both the existing research on the regulation of land laws is caught in the thinking of the first or only the formal analysis. The theory of peasant rights protection requires the formation of a system of legal norms focusing on the legitimate rights and interests of peasants. The theory of market elements suggests that the legal system should be adopted to protect the free circulation, pledge and modernization of the land contractual management right How to use value-added part of the problem. Each of the three theories has its advantages and disadvantages. The legal system concerning land should handle the balance of interests between land and stability and development, and form an arrangement for the legal system of land with Chinese characteristics according to China’s actual conditions.