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目的分析绍兴市2所中学初中女生月经初潮年龄(AAM)及其影响因素。方法采用分层整群抽样方法,抽取绍兴市2所中学初一至初三女生1 530名,对其人口学特征与月经初潮情况进行问卷调查,采用多因素Logistic回归模型分析AAM提前的影响因素。结果共回收有效问卷1 509份,问卷有效率98.63%。1 509名初中女生中,月经来潮1 306人,月经来潮比例为86.55%,平均AAM为(12.36±0.92)岁;AAM提前329人,提前率为25.19%。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,与自评体型正常的女生相比,偏瘦的女生(OR=0.68,95%CI:0.47~0.99)AAM延迟,偏胖的女生(OR=1.67,95%CI:1.23~2.26)AAM提前;与生活在农村和非独生的女生相比,生活在城市(OR=1.44,95%CI:1.07~1.94)和独生的女生(OR=1.35,95%CI:1.01~1.80)AAM均提前。结论绍兴市初中女生的AAM与体型、居住地及是否为独生子女有关。
Objective To analyze the age of menarche (AAM) and its influential factors in 2 middle school girls in Shaoxing City. Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 1 530 first to third female students from two middle schools in Shaoxing City. The demographic characteristics and menarche were surveyed by questionnaire. Multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the influential factors of AAM early. Results A total of 1,509 valid questionnaires were collected, and the questionnaire was 98.63% efficient. Among 1 509 middle school girls, 1,306 had menstrual cramps, the proportion of menstrual cramps was 86.55%, the average AAM was (12.36 ± 0.92) years old; AAM advanced 329 persons, the advance rate was 25.19%. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that the percentage of girls with low birth weight (OR = 0.68, 95% CI: 0.47-0.99) was significantly lower than that of normal girls (OR = 1.67, 95% CI : 1.23-2.26). AAM was advanced; compared with girls living in rural areas and non-only children, those living in cities (OR = 1.44,95% CI: 1.07-1.94) and only children (OR = 1.35,95% CI: 1.01 ~ 1.80) AAM are in advance. Conclusions AAM in junior middle school girls in Shaoxing City is related to the size, place of residence and whether or not the only child.